Half-Life Homework    (Web Help)  All hints, pointers, and examples are in blue                      

The graph below shows the decay of    into   

1.         What type of decay particle does  emit?  From the description above we can see that the atomic number went up by one and the mass remained the same… does that make it alpha emission, electron emission, positron emission, or electron capture?

 

2.         How long did it take for the mass of the sample to be reduced to 50% of its original value?  Half  of 60 g is 30 g, how long did that take?  (see graph)

 

3.         How long did it take for the mass of the sample to be reduced to 25% of its original value? See purple line on graph

 

4.         How long did it take for the mass of the sample to be reduced from 50% of its original

value to 25% of its original value?

 

5.         What is the half-life of ? Remember, half-life is the amount of time needed for half

              the sample to decay to the daughter isotope

6.         If a sample originally had of 3.8 g of , and now there is only 0.2375 g of ,

            how old is the sample? Use the table in your notes to determine the number of half-lives,

            then multiply by the length of each half-life

 

7.         can be made synthetically, but does not occur naturally on earth.  Based on the

information above, why do you think there isn’t any naturally occurring ?

 

            Hint: the earth is 4.5 billion years old…

 

8.         Why would it be worse to handle the sample the first week than the second or third

            week?  The danger is the amount of particles given off by the sample…

 

The graph below shows the decay of   into

 

 

9.         What type of particle is emitted by ?

The mass went down by 4, so what would than mean?

 

10.        What is the half-life of ? How long did it take to reduce it to half the starting quantity?

 

11.        How long would it take for 120g of  to decay into 15g of

and 105g of ? Find percent of parent isotope remaining and use this to determine the number of half-lives

 

12.        is a by-product of nuclear reactors.  This isotope has a half-life of 3.76 ´ 105 years.

            Approximately how long would it take for a 1000g sample to be reduced to 1 g?

            (hint: count how many times you have to divide the sample in half, then consider the

length of each half-life)

1 ¸ 1000 = .001 which is equivalent to 10 half-lives, so multiply the half-life by 10

 

 

13.        Living organisms bring in from the atmosphere while they are alive, but not after they die.   has a half-life of 5715 years.  If we know that a given mass of bone started out with 2.4 ´ 10-3 g of , but now only contains 7.5  ´ 10-5 g of , how old is the sample?

 

7.5  ´ 10-5 g ¸ 2.4 ´ 10-3 g = .03125  consult your table to find how many half-lives this is

14.        Why do you think that  dating is unable to provide reliable dates for fossils that are more than 50,000 years old?